Essay on Social Order in The Tempest -- Tempest essays

The Social Order in The Tempestâ â Â Â â â In Shakespeare's time, the social request was as ground-breaking and unbending as law. Shakespeare gives a case of this social structure in his play, The Tempest. Over the span of his play, the peruser sees unrivaled men commanding lesser creatures based on race, monetary status, and sexual orientation. Not all high society are totally degenerate, be that as it may. We see a semi-upright saint in the character of Prospero. Prospero has each motivation to feel unrivaled and practice his social force, yet he doesn't generally treat others insolently. In spite of the fact that he has some feeling of noble cause, Prospero is as yet a genuine case of the social state of the time. Â Â â â â One manner by which The Tempest mirrors Shakespeare's general public is through the connection between characters, particularly among Prospero and Caliban. Caliban is the previous ruler of the island, and Prospero and his little girl Miranda show him how to be humanized. Immediately from that point, Prospero and Miranda subjugate Caliban and he is compelled to be their worker. Caliban clarifies Thou strok'st me and make a big deal about me... ...otte Porter and Helen A. Clarke (eds.) Thomas Y. Crowell and Co. 1903. Knight, G. Wilson. Shakespearian Superman The Tempest D.J. Palmer (ed.) Macmillan and Co. 1968 Murray, J. Middleton. Shakespeare's Dream The Tempest D.J. Palmer (ed.) Macmillan and Co. 1968 Palmer, D.J. Shakespeare's Later Comedies: An Anthology of Modern Criticism. Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1971. Shakespeare, William. The Tempest. 1611. Ed. Stephen Orgel. New York: Oxford UP, 1994. Tillyard, E.M. The Tragic Pattern The Tempest D.J. Palmer (ed.) Macmillan and Co. 1968

Free Essays on Essence

Free Essays on Essence I've generally had faith in numbers, in the conditions and rationales that lead to reason. Furthermore, after a lifetime of such interests I ask, what genuinely is rationale? Who chooses reason? My mission has taken me through the physical, meta-physical, the whimsical what's more, back. What's more, I have made the most significant revelation of my profession. The most significant disclosure of my life. It is as it were in the secretive conditions of affection that any sensible reasons can be found. I'm just here today around evening time as a result of you. You are the explanation I'm. You are on the whole my reasons. Thank you...... <input type=submit class=button orange value=Read the Full Version onclick=window.location = 'https://www.free-school essays.com/signup.html'; return bogus;/>

The Physical Effects of Alcoholism in Men

The Physical Effects of Alcoholism in Men Addiction Alcohol Use Print The Effects of Alcoholism in Men Consequences of Abuse Can Differ From Those in Women By Jerry Kennard Jerry Kennard, PhD, is a psychologist and associate fellow of the British Psychological Society. Learn about our editorial policy Jerry Kennard Updated on October 15, 2019 Jetta Productions/Iconica/Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery The statistics are not good. According to a report from the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, around 17.6 million people in the U.S. suffer from alcohol abuse or dependence. Thats roughly one in every 13 adults. Of these, more than 100,000 die each year of alcohol-related causes. Among adults, men are four times more likely than women to be heavy drinkers and twice as likely to be alcohol dependent. While the physical effects of alcoholism are largely similar for men and women, there are conditions that affect men more frequently and others which are entirely unique. Alcoholism and Injury When compared to men, women often have it harder when it comes to the health-related consequences of drinking. Alcohol-induced liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatitis develop more quickly in women, and more alcoholic women die from cirrhosis than do alcoholic men. Moreover, women who are alcohol dependent are at greater risk of developing liver cancer as well as certain cancers related to the digestive tract. While alcoholic men are also at high risk of cirrhosis and liver cancer, where they exceed is in rates of alcohol-related injury. According to a review from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, men are more likely to take risks while drinking, evidenced by markedly higher rates of alcohol-related deaths and hospitalizations. The number speak for themselves: Men are almost twice as likely as women to have blood alcohol concentration levels of 0.08 percent or greater.Men are four times more likely to have a motor vehicle crash while drinking than women.Men are more than twice as likely to experience alcohol poisoning.Men are more likely to exhibit aggression while drinking and are 70 more likely to cause harm to a child.Men are five times more likely to drown while drinking compared.Men have nearly a four-fold increase in the risk of suicide while drinking. These statistics are largely informed by how much more men can drink compared to women. Because of their lower body mass, women will tend to feel the effects of alcohol faster and will typically experience the chronic symptoms of the disease 10 to 20 years earlier. This accounts for why men are 400 percent more likely to experience alcohol-related psychosis, simply because they have a higher capacity for consumption and fewer short- to medium-term consequences. Alcohol and Health-Related Deaths While cirrhosis and liver cancer are the two primary health concerns for both men and women with long-term alcohol dependence, there are certain conditions for which a man is more likely to die. According to research from the School of Public Health at the University of Minnesota, there are certain health conditions for which alcoholic men are at higher risk of death. When compared to a matched set of men and women over the age of 65, the researchers found that: Men were twice as likely to die of liver cancer.Men were more than four times more likely to die of mouth, throat, or esophageal cancer.Men were three times more likely to die of a stroke.Men were more than twice as likely to die of alcoholic liver disease.Men were nine times more likely to die of alcohol-associated heart disease. Alcohol and Sexual Dysfunction While many of the consequences of heavy drinking are related to long-term abuse, there are impacts that can affect men over the short- to medium-term. Chief among these is male sexual dysfunction. Excessive alcohol use can directly interfere with the function of the testicles and affect the normal production of male hormones. When this happens, a man can experience erectile dysfunction, impotence, and infertility. Over the medium- to long-term, this can affect secondary sex characteristics, including the loss of facial and chest hair and the abnormal growth of breast tissue (gynecomastia). Moreover, erectile dysfunction medications like Viagra (sildenafil), Levitra (vardenafil), and Cialis (tadalafil) are less able to be absorbed if used with alcohol, minimizing the benefits of the drugs.

The Sociological Phenomenon Of Bowdoin - 1588 Words

Bowdoin College, better known as the Bowdoin bubble, has within it sociological phenomenon that helps it maintain social cohesion. One of these social phenomenon is the Bowdoin hello. The Bowdoin hello is the act of students greeting one another on campus and downtown. However, the practice of this tradition has extended itself to people in cars at crosswalks and random people on the Bowdoin campus. This phenomenon maintains social cohesion on campus because it attempts draws together a community that is constantly changing. With the incoming diversity on campus it serves to reaffirm what Bowdoin stands for, a welcoming community for everyone. The Bowdoin hello creates a norm, which in turn creates an identity of what a Bowdoin student†¦show more content†¦I will examine the material that they distribute to the incoming class that pertains to etiquette and norms displayed on campus. Then I will engage in informal conversations ethnographically as a complete participant with students about their views and uses of the Bowdoin hello. By immersing myself as a complete participant I will be able to receive answers that have more credibility. I will also utilize my personal experiences from when I entered Bowdoin as a first-year and I will attempt to breach the phenomenon to observe the outcome. The social location, which is Bowdoin’s campus, will enable my ability to observe the phenomenon because it is exclusive to Bowdoin. However, my social location might constrain my ability in that reactions might be bias for or against the phenomenon depending on whether the person uses this custom or not. I believe this i s the best method because it will enable me to see how this norm is introduced and manifested over time in the community. Before entering Bowdoin students are told on campus tours and in info sessions about customs that are particular to Bowdoin. They are told that a Bowdoin student strives for the common good and engages in the Bowdoin hello. While on the tour they see their tour guide wave hello to all the people that pass by whether they know them or not. However, this is not the case when you are actually a student on campus and there are not any

Dreams Essay example - 3042 Words

Dreams When we sleep we do much more than just rest our weary bones; we tap into our subconscious mind (Ullman and Zimmerman 1979). The subconscious has much to offer about oneself. The average human being spends one third of their life in sleep and during each sleep approximently two hours is spent dreaming (Ullman and Zimmerman 1979). These dreams are important because they are the voice of our subconscious. Dreams and theories on dreams go as far back as 2000 BC in Egypt. One of the first organized glimpses into the diagnostics of a dream came in an Egyptian book called†¦show more content†¦The imagery in dreams comes from daily life (Freud 1900). You must understand that the subconscious can only talk in a language that the conscious can understand, therefore it uses imagery. So to put it in lay terms Youll never see an object in dream that you havent seen in your daily life (Ullman and Zimmerman 1979). This statement raises an interesting question. What do blind people who nev er see anything dream about? The answer to this question is even more puzzling. The subconscious speaks to blind people using all other sensory modalities such as hearing, taste, touch, and smell. Instead of seeing things blind people will hear or smell things in their dreams. Helen Keller talked of seeing in her dreams much as she saw when she was awake (let it be stated that Helen Keller was blind). The subconscious is usually the right side of the brain or the opposite side of persons writing hand. Within the subconscious lie different types of things such as suppressed emotions, creativity, and basic human instinct (Ullman and Zimmerman 1979. The conscious part of the mind works whenShow MoreRelatedDreams And Dreams : Dreams1425 Words   |  6 PagesAvery Alexander English III Mr. Tarr 26 April 2015 Dreams Throughout our dreaming experience, we feel different sensations, emotions, and thoughts interpreted through images in a person’s mind. During our unconscious process, the meanings of our inner thoughts are experienced through dreams. Some psychologists believe dreams are connected to our real emotions and others may see dreams as a specific meaning related to one’s life (Young). Dreams can put us in touch with our real motives in life dueRead MoreDream And Dream - Dream Killers1012 Words   |  5 PagesDream killers You know the type, the ones who think that just because they did not make it, then you can t, the Debbie Downers who can t see beyond their pathetic existence to dream of something bigger. The one who will never achieve much because they fail to dream and dream to fail, these are the dream killers. Conversation #1 You   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I am thinking of starting my own business Them   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Why you want to do that? You   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Because I have always wanted to work for myself? ThemRead MoreDreams And Dreams1729 Words   |  7 Pagesinterpretations and true meanings of dreams has expanded and has varied over centuries and cultures. Many of the earlier studies were based on culture’s and the interpretation of dreams, but also used as a form of prophecy, inspiration, and guidance. Many people still believe this such, people today beliefs and theories have opened up to a more vast interpretation, they are made up of; dreams are rare brain activity, dreams allow people to reflect on themselves, or that dreams are too massive to be correctlyRead MoreDreams : The Causes Of Dreams And Dreams987 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Dreams are a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind† (Myers). They can occur anytime during sleep. Although most vibrant dreams occur during deep sleep, REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, when a person’s brain is more active. Most people tend to have at least 4 to 6 dreams per night while in REM sleep. While everyone dreams during sleep, but not everyone remembers. Scientist aren’t quite sure why some people remember more than others, but there are manyRead MoreDreams And Dreams1893 Words   |  8 PagesEvery single one of us dreams and each one is experienced at a personal level, but interpreting them and figuring what they actually mean is still a mystery to us all. The histories of dreams, dates all the way back to over 5,000 years ago. These were the times where they would still write things down on clay tablets. Even then, we were already interested in what dreams meant. During the Greek and Roman eras, dreams were perceived in a religious sense. If they were good dreams, they would be interpretedRead MoreDreams And The Subconscious : Dreams Essay1276 Words   |  6 PagesDreams and the Subconscious Are dreams a way of processing life events, or are they really messages from the subconscious? This phenomenon has always interested me, and I am extremely grateful this opportunity has arisen for me to research dreams in more depth. Since childhood, I have been intrigued with dreams and how similar they can be for each person. For instance, many people have recurring nightmares of being chased. According to Huffington Post, being chased is one of the most common dreamsRead MoreDreams : A Lucid Dream1097 Words   |  5 PagesBeing able to understand what dreams represent and how they effect a person should be something everyone should understand. Dreams can be a small glimpse or feel so real that it is unbelievable. The issue people have the most is remembering. They can not remember if they spoke with another individual in actually life or if it was all apart of their dream they had. There is so much confusion that the person is almost embarrassed to ask if the event actually happe ned. A dream like this is considered oneRead MoreThe Dream Of A Lucid Dream1403 Words   |  6 PagesIt is said that a lucid dream is a dream that can be induced or controlled and is characterized by the dreamer being aware that he or she is dreaming (Lucid). When lucidity occurs, the dreamer â€Å"wakes up† inside the dream during fixed states of cognizance. Dreams are caused by things â€Å"†¦our mind knows, however which we cannot handle, is disturbing or something that we keep reiterating to ourselves† (Ganguly). This is why distinguishing significant dream symbols from ambient symbols is important forRead MoreThe Dream Of A Dream Story1426 Words   |  6 Pagesdifficulties of life after his accident. The dream that can be analyzed in this essay is the idea of being useful in life and towards society; Friedman describes Bret’s process in achieving this dream through the inclusion of characters’ thoughts and actions. This narrative technique rev eals the idea that dreams are not always singular, the people surrounding you can play a crucial role in your dream story, and factors that affect your dream can also change the dreams of surrounding people. Bret’s storyRead MoreDreams : What Are Dreams?1174 Words   |  5 PagesWhat are dreams? Are they the mind’s way of entertaining itself while you sleep, or are they your unconscious trying to tell you something? If you chose the ladder, you are on the right track. The mind can’t talk to you, you don t hear voices in your head unless you are a Schizophrenic. The only way that our unconscious mind has a way to communicate, is when you are asleep. The idea that dreams are trying to tell you something is simple, but understanding what the dream is trying to say can be difficult

Mt. Rushmore Free Essays

Katie Gerard English Comp I Mrs. Hynek Descriptive Research 5 October 2012 Mount Rushmore: the History Ever since Mount Rushmore was created it has been and iconic symbol because of its beauty, magnificent and especially its history. Mount Rushmore is a shrine of democracy, a monument and memorial to the birth of America. We will write a custom essay sample on Mt. Rushmore or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mount Rushmore is a symbol of the nation through the greatness of its leaders. The magnificent sculpture depicts the faces of four American presidents who symbolize this nation’s history, rugged determination and long-lasting achievements. According to an episode of Modern Marvels: Mount Rushmore, Doane Robinson, South Dakota’s state historian, wanted a way to attract tourism to the Black Hills in the early 1920s. Robinson came up with the idea to sculpt â€Å"the Needles. † â€Å"The Needles† were ancient stone structures, made of granite, almost impossible to carve, but Robinson was not turned away. The needles were not an option so he choose Mount Rushmore, which were near â€Å"The Needles. † All he knew was that he needed to recruit an artist who loved a challenge. He recruited Gutzon Borglum, world renowned stone sculpture, who, according to Howard Shaff, co-writer of his biography Six Wars at a Time, â€Å"was always looking for new worlds to conquer† (Modern Marvels). At this time Borglum was carving â€Å"Stone Mountain† in Atlanta, GA, but the project was stopped, because of his temper, and he needed a new project to restore his reputation. In 1925 Borglum and his son, Lincoln, explored the Black Hills for a carving site. This is where he stumbled upon Mount Rushmore and â€Å"envisioned the ultimate American monument† (Modern Marvels). Mount Rushmore was solid granite, like â€Å"the Needles† and riddled with cracks, but this did not turn Borglum away. He stated â€Å"American history shall march along this skyline† (Modern Marvels). Borglum convinced Robison not to sculpt western folk heroes and to instead sculpt four American presidents, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt, who all â€Å"symbolized the evolution of American spirit† (Modern Marvels). He choose Washington because he was the father of our country and led the fight for freedom; Jefferson because he wrote the Declaration of Independence and had the vision of a growing nation, which inspired the Louisiana Purchase; Lincoln, the great emancipator, who served â€Å"the union of states in its darkest hour;† and choose Roosevelt because he was a spirited individualist who defined 20th century America and was an old friend of Borglum (Modern Marvels). It took Borglum two years, the funds, and a president to get the project started. In 1927 President Calvin Coolidge took a trip to South Dakota; this was Borglum’s opportunity to secure official federal recognition and raise the much needed funds. To impress Coolidge, South Dakota Governor William Bulow made a hunting lodge available and named it Summer White House. He also renamed a local stream, â€Å"Grace Coolidge Creek,† and stocked it with prize winning fish. It all worked, Coolidge loosened up and â€Å"Borglum gave Coolidge Mount Rushmore Fever† (Modern Marvels). 1000 people showed up to watch Coolidge and the Secret Service declare work on Mount Rushmore; this event took place August 10 1927. Work began that October. In 1929, during the last days of Coolidge’s presidency, he signed the legislation which granted the Mount Rushmore project $250,000 in federal funds (Modern Marvels). Borglum first started with miniature models of each president, which he held in the sun to see how they would reflect. Then he made a 1:12 model of Mount Rushmore out of plaster. He used the 1:12 ratio so the measurement could be converted to feet easily. This model was then carried up to the mountain and he and his 400 workers used the pointing technique, an ancient Greek method, to transfer the model onto the mountain. Pointing consisted of an angle and two measurements, one measurement on the top of the studio model and the other on the actual carving, and then he placed a vertical axis. It was like a giant propeller on each head. They took the measurement of each angle, distance from the axis, and distance from the top the workers who were called â€Å"pointers,† (which was Borglum son in this case), found the spot where drilling or blasting happened (People Events: Carving the Mountain). Over the years, Mount Rushmore began to take shape. Borglum had to constantly change his design due to the shape of the granite. To extract the rock, workers used the â€Å"Honey Combing† technique, which involved making small holes in the rock where dynamite could fit to remove up to six inches of rock (People Events: Carving the Mountain). Workers also used channel irons, jack hammers with a four star bit, and pneumatic devices to shape and smooth the faces. According to Glen Bradford, a Mount Rushmore worker, â€Å"you had to be one tough person to hold that jackhammer all day, while dangling in the air† (Modern Marvels). The workers had a hard time visualizing what they were making while working so close to it so Borglum made five foot models of each head and hung them below the workers so they could see and feel what they were doing. According to Orville Worman, another Mount Rushmore worker, Lincoln Borglum, Borglum’s son, didn’t get any credit for all the work he did. He hired all the workers and most of the time was the project manager because his father was gone for months at a time (Modern Marvels). When the depression hit, it caused the work to slow down. Shaff said that Borglum â€Å"could not understand how money could put a limit on his dream,† (Modern Marvels) and with the dwindling funds and the depression, Borglum’s temper was uncontrollable. But Borglum was not giving up; he used Roosevelt’s plan of bringing America back as a springboard to keep the project going. He used films to show the nation each stage and keep the public and politicians informed. Borglum had many other dreams for the monument like a timeline of American events and a â€Å"Hall of Fame† behind Lincoln’s head. Congress wanted it done and the hall project cancelled when Borglum passed away in 1941. The partial tunnel is still there and it shows the hard work of everyone (Modern Marvels). After Borglum’s death, there was no chief for the project World War II was declared, and Congress wanted all work to stop on Mount Rushmore. His son closed up shop. After 14 years of work, Mount Rushmore was an unfinished dream of one man’s conception and beliefs of America’s evolution. It was a piece of art done by the â€Å"Work of a dreamer, inspired by dreamers, [which included] the sacrifice of many, and celebrated the promise for America† (Modern Marvels). The shrine of democracy is visited by 2. 5 million people every year (Mount Rushmore National Memorial). Some people visit to relive the memory of watching it being carved and some visit on a patriotic adventure of America, and when leaving people cannot forget the beauty, magnificence, and history of Mount Rushmore. It â€Å"has become one of the most iconic images of America and an international tourist attraction† (Mount Rushmore). Bibliography Modern Marvels: Mount Rushmore. Dir. Jeff Scheftel. Perf. Harlan Saperstein, William O. Farber, James Popovich, Howard Shaff, and Dan Wenk. History Channel, 1996. TV â€Å"Mount Rushmore. † History. com. AE Television Networks, n. d. Web. 01 Oct. 2012. http://www. history. com/topics/mount-rushmore. â€Å"People Events: Carving the Mountain. † PBS. PBS, 1999. Web. 01 Oct. 2012. http://www. pbs. org/wbgh/amex/rushmore/peopleevents/e_carving. html. â€Å"Mount Rushmore National Memorial. † Mount Rushmore Info, Directory Information for Vacationers at Mt. Rushmore. SD Web Traveler, Inc. , 12 June 2012. Web. 01 Oct. 2012. http://www. mountrushmoreinfo. com/. How to cite Mt. Rushmore, Essay examples

The Republic Does Justice Pay Essays - Dialogues Of Plato

The Republic: Does Justice Pay? In the Introduction of Platos Republic, a very important theme is depicted. It is the argument of whether it is beneficial for a person to lead a good and just existence. The greatly argued position that justice does not pay, is argued by three men Thrasymachus, Glaucon, and Adeimantus. By incorporating all three men into a collective effort I believe I can give a more flattering depiction of injustice. First, we must explore the basis of the moral skepticism argument in The Republic, given by Thrasymachus. Thrasymachus view follows the disbelief in morality that was common during the time. The principle part of his argument is, the interests of the stronger (or ruling) party in a society are what defines justice. I believe this is true because many societies think of justice as having to with law and order. If that is so, it is only fair to say that since the laws are made by a ruling power, it must define justice. He also points out the ability that rulers had to exploit justice in their own interests. I believe the right of a ruling power is a valid argument under the pretense that following the rules is defined by society as just. Beyond this basic, yet essential description of moral skepticism, Thrasymachus argument begins to fall off. Socrates makes a few very strong refutes, which will be discussed later, and seems to dishearten the argumentative spirit of Thrasymachus. The argument begins to fall apart when he is forced to restate his main point. The restatement is that ordinary morality is simply the behavior imposed by exploiter on exploited, and thus is someone elses interest (342 e). In this version of his original point, he also touches on a very important fact that, in everyday life, the pursuit of self-interest is natural and just. Thrasymachus depicts this point by undeniable fact that in a professional sense no one wants to work for free, and that they expect some benefits in their own interest for their efforts. After showing dissatisfaction with Socrates refutation, Thrasymachus gives way to Glaucon who begins to argue for the benefits of injustice in everyday life. Glaucons argument begins with a question of whether the just or unjust man is happier, and continues on a tangent from there. He states that morality is based on convenience, and that it is natural to pursue ones own interests. He says that justice can pretty much be summed up as splitting the difference of two evils. The first, being forced to restrain ones self from certain interests, and the other being becoming the victim of injustice from another person. This, to me, is the most convincing part of the entire book, because it narrows morality down to an interpretation of the age-old Golden Rule. That being the fact that people would rather act justly, than to have injustice inflicted upon them. Glaucon then continues by sketching out two theoretical men, one perfectly unjust and the other perfectly just. He lays out the unjust man with his basic characteristic, the pursuit of self-interest, regardless of others. He continues by showing the benefits that unjust man from his actions. Glaucon also depicts the just man with his only basic characteristic, which is his conviction toward doing right, despite the lack of benefits which he draws from blind justice. He then tests the just man, by depriving him of all the benefits that the injustice, including a good reputation. A very important distinction is made by Glaucon referring to reputation, and the difference between seeming good and doing good. He points this as the main difference between the two men, in that an unjust man devotes much time to making himself appear just, whereas the just man may not seem to be. After an adequate portrayal of the nature of justice Glaucon moves on to a powerful analogy about a mythical item, the ring of Gyges. This so-called test puts a just and an unjust man in a situation where there would be no consequences brought about by their actions. He concludes that under these circumstances there would be no difference in the course of action between the men.

Spartan Military essays

Spartan Military essays I chose to do my final project on the military tactics, techniques, requirements, and lifestyle of the ancient Greek city-state of Sparta. When we discussed this topic in class, I was very interested in how much emphasis the Spartans put on the military. I wanted to learn more about this subject and also answer some of my own questions I had that we may not have covered in class. The word Sparta actually has two separate meanings, which contradict each other. The first meaning of the word is bravery, and the second is barren. I interpret the second meaning in the way that, the Spartan lifestyle was barren in that they focused solely on their military and not on all the other pleasures of life. The city-state of Sparta was located on the Peloponnesus, a peninsula just southwest of its rival state, Athens. Spartans looked at themselves as military powerhouses and all their discipline, from birth to adulthood, was directed toward war. Any child that was born with a deformity, mental illness, or that was physically handicapped was killed. Children first began military training at the age of seven. These boys were organized into small groups and those who were the most courageous were made captains. The boys slept in dormitories on hard beds, and ate black broth and porridge. They wore the simplest clothing and spent very little time learning music or literature. Each day they were drilled in gymnastics and military exercises. These boys were taught that retreat or surrender in battle was disgraceful and dishonorable. They learned to endure pain and hardship without complaint and to obey all orders without question. The boys were allowed to steal food to satisfy th eir hunger, but if they were caught they would be whipped. This was not done to promote dishonesty, but rather to develop slyness among the boys. It is said that a Spartan boy, who had stolen a fox for his dinner, would rather allow the fox to knaw on his f...

Grounded and Ten Other Idioms with Ground

Grounded and Ten Other Idioms with Ground Grounded and Ten Other Idioms with Ground Grounded and Ten Other Idioms with Ground By Maeve Maddox When I was still young enough to be under parental supervision, if I did something ill-considered, I was not â€Å"grounded†; I â€Å"lost privileges.† The use of grounded to mean â€Å"confined to home outside school hours† had not yet penetrated to our neck of the woods. I was familiar with grounded in connection with electricity and flying: grounded adjective: electrically connected with the ground, either directly or through another conductor. grounded adjective: of an airplane or pilot, unable, or not allowed to fly. For example, a pilot might be grounded because of illness. A plane might be grounded by reason of bad weather. In the 1940s, the word grounded acquired the general sense of suspended or disqualified. For example, a truck driver whose license had been revoked was said to be â€Å"grounded,† as was a jockey who had been suspended from riding. It was not a leap to apply the use of grounded to a teenager whose driving privileges had been revoked. Nowadays, even young children are said to be grounded when they have privileges denied as the result of misbehavior unconnected with using a vehicle. The noun ground is from a Germanic source meaning earth. Literally and figuratively, ground represents the basis or bottom of something. A ship in shallow water may strike ground. The plural, grounds, denotes the premise or reason on which something rests. For example, â€Å"grounds for divorce, â€Å"objections on religious grounds.† Ground occurs in numerous idioms. Here are just ten. ground rules: the basic rules or principles. For example, â€Å"Establishing the classroom  ground rules  on the first day can provide year-long benefits for your challenging students.†Ã‚   groundswell: a long, deep rolling of the sea caused by a disturbance, possibly originating at the bottom. Figuratively, a ground swell is strong public opinion that seems to be rising from somewhere and becoming stronger. For example, â€Å"Whether New York businessman Donald Trump is serious about running for president or just serious about getting publicity, his groundswell of support in recent weeks is hard to ignore.† ground zero: This expression stems from nuclear testing. â€Å"Ground zero† was the point on the earth’s surface either at or immediately above or below the center of a nuclear explosion. Now it can mean the center of any cataclysmic blast, such as the site of the World Trade Center that was destroyed in 2001. The expression is also used figuratively, as in this reference: â€Å"The Interview - the Hollywood movie that became ground zero in the extortionate cyber attack that U.S. authorities are now blaming on North Korea.†Ã‚   To break new ground: to do something that has never been done before, like a settler digging a foundation for a home in the wilderness. â€Å"Anomalisa filmmakers break new ground with stop-motion drama.† To cut the ground from under someone’s feet: in a debate, to disprove all possible arguments before they can be made by one’s adversary; to leave someone at a loss as to what to do. â€Å"Depression  cuts the ground from under  ones  feet!†Ã‚   To get in on the ground floor: to be involved at the beginning of an enterprise, especially in anticipation of profiting greatly. â€Å"If you are hoping to get in on the ground floor of Maryland’s medical cannabis program, you should not underestimate the importance of this very short comment period.†Ã‚   To put one’s ear to the ground: be on the alert for possible developments on a topic of interest. â€Å"It is not a secret among those who  keep their ears to the ground  in matters political in Michigan that Commissioner Mershon, of the state tax commission,  intends to resign as soon as the new administration takes office.† To go to ground: to make oneself inaccessible for a time, like an animal holing up in its lair. For example, â€Å"Similarly, a proportion of  fugitives  had  gone to ground  because they knew some of their Francoist neighbours were working in tandem with the authorities.†Ã‚   To get off the ground: to begin a project; begin to show success. This newspaper headline plays on both the literal and figurative meanings of â€Å"to get off the ground†: â€Å"In Chicago, rooftop farming is getting off the ground.† To hold one’s ground: to maintain one’s position in the face of opposition or attack. â€Å"A workplace bully may try to verbally pound you into submission. If he insists on getting his way, hold your ground.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 Idioms with HeartDoes "Mr" Take a Period?Uses of the Past Participle

PRESS RELEASE ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

PRESS RELEASE ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example The airline takes full responsibility of the delays and the consequent cancellations, and refrains from blaming the weather. The company issues a statement of apology concerning the same. This comes together with a flight voucher worth $500 to all who either missed or had their flights delayed during and immediately after the storm. The company issues further apology for its slow reaction towards sorting out accommodation for those who spent the night in Chicago. The company will compensate those who had issues related to accommodation and will pay for their hotel and related expenses. Claims for such can be filed online through the company’s website: simply go to FlyAway.com and click on the reimbursement tab. A statement by the company’s, CEO Mr. Jordan, stated in part, â€Å"We have learned from our mistakes, and will do everything in our power to only deliver the very best in service and on time performance. Anything less than that is unacceptable.† Customers can expect high quality services from the company as a matter of right. An assessment to verify what went wrong will be conducted to avoid similar occurrences in the

Capital Punishment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Capital Punishment - Essay Example After 2004, lethal injection (perceived by many as the least gruesome way of executing someone), hanging and beheading were the main methods used. Electrocution and the gas chamber are used in the United States only if the inmates wish to be executed by these methods. Stoning to death for sexual offences still occurs in some Islamic countries, notably Pakistan.2 From 1990 to 2003 Amnesty International reported a global average of 2,242 executions per year. In 2003 Amnesty reported 1,146 executions in 28 countries, 88% of them in just 5 countries: The People’s Republic of China 726, Iran 108, the U.S. 65, Vietnam 64 and Saudi Arabia 52.3 The figures reported by Amnesty in 2004 showed an increase over the previous year, totaling 3,797 executions in 25 countries, about 90% of them (3,400) in The People’s Republic of China, 230 in Iran, 64 in Vietnam, and 59 in Opposition to Capital Punishment began in Europe in the 1750s. Persons like Cesare Beccaria (Italian jurist), Voltaire (French philosopher), Jeremy Betham and Samuel Romilly (English law reformers) declared that Capital Punishment was inhumane and should be replaced by life imprisonment.5 Today, Capital Punishment has been abolished in the vast majority of democracies in Europe and Latin America, while it is still retained in most democracies in Asia, the U.S. and almost all totalitarian governments. In the U.S., the Supreme Court abolished it in 1972 on the grounds that it was being applied in an arbitrary and capricious manner which constituted cruel and unjust punishment (Furman v Georgia 1972).6 On July 2, 1976 in deciding the case Gregg v Georgia, the Supreme Court legalised capital punishment.7 Today following a four-year moratorium, Capital Punishment was reinstated in 1976. Today, it is followed in 36 States as well as by the Federal Government.8 Capital Punishment is a far better tool than life imprisonment primarily considering the saving of State and

George Orwells 1984: Unmasking Totalitarianism Essay -- Literary Anal

The outlook to the future is usually one filled with hope. When failures of the past and present problems collide together, the future is often seen as a place of hope. This mindset was no different in Britain during the mid 20th century, especially in the late 1940’s. World War II had finally ended, the days of fighting Nazi Germany was behind everyone but present circumstances were bleak. Britain was still recovering from the effects of World War II and handling the transition of a new socialist democratic government. From the east there loomed Stalin’s Soviet Union with its communism government and Totalitarian ruling mindset. Many were oblivious to the facts surrounding communism and looked hopefully to it. The reason for this was as Mitzi Brunsdale states because of â€Å"all kinds of personal and social inadequacies† (139). Many in the west were discouraged with present conditions and looked to Stalinism for hope. Many of the â€Å"Western supp ort for Stalin often took the form of neo-religious adulation† (Brunsdale139). On the other hand, George Orwell stood in direct opposition. This resistance against the Totalitarian rule of Stalin was especially expressed in one of his most popular books called 1984, which â€Å"brings home to England the experience of countless who suffered in Totalitarian regimes of Eastern Europe† (Meyers 114). George Orwell through his life experiences and through the accounts of others had seen the dangers of Totalitarianism. In 1984, George Orwell exposed three dangerous aspects of Totalitarianism by showing the oppression of the individual's in the story in order to show the true nature of Totalitarianism. One of the first ways that Orwell exposes Totalitarianism through the oppression of the i... ...y to write a novel that so clearly shows the power of the state and diminish of the individual send chills to those who read his book. Even in the future, every reader is faced with the reality of the possibility of such a society existing. With technology advances and many history defining issues arising, the possibility of elements of the book coming true seems to become more and more of a reality. Works Cited Bal, Sant S. George Orwell The Ethical Imagination. Atlantic Highlands: Humanities, 1981. Print. Brunsdale, Mitzi M. Student Companion to George Orwell. Westport: Greenwood, 2000. Print. Meyers, Jeffrey. A Reader's Guide to George Orwell. Totown: Littlefield, Adams &, 1975. Print. Meyers, Valerie. Modern Novelists George Orwell. New York: St. Martin's, 1991. Print. Orwell, George. Nineteen Eighty-Four. New York: Penguin Group, 2003. Print.

Religion and Homophobia in Trinidad and Tobago Essay

As previously demonstrated, the data collected was graphically represented in order to highlight trends or anomalies. Figure 1 (Fig. 1) begins by showing that 36% of our sample supported same sex marriage, whilst 64% did not. Since non-support of same-sex marriage is used as our indicator of homophobia, approximately two-thirds (( 2)? (3 )) of our sample is considered homophobic. Whilst this suggests that a substantial proportion of our population is supportive of homosexuality, the majority is apparently homophobic. Thus, a standard was found, against which individual elements of the population can then be manipulated and analysed in a positivistic approach. Figure 2 shows that the gender of the non-supportive population was almost equally distributed, which suggests that perspective is gender neutral. This is surprising considering that gender commonly indicates differing perspectives, but may perhaps be attributed to the existence of homosexuality in both genders. Additionally, this is reflected in Fig 3. where the male only school, Naparima College is proportionately equal to the female only schools, Naparima Girls’ High School (NGHS), ASJA Girls’ College (ASJA) and St. Joseph’s Convent (SJC). Furthermore, Figure 4 shows that the average CSEC grades (which we will use as an indicator of education level) of the supporters approximately equalled that of the non-supporters. Therefore, neither gender, education level school has significant effect on our candidates’ perception of same-sex marriage. Continuing the search for factors that may affect the development of homophobia, Fig 5 outlines four further dimensions of social life, showing that, support of the legalisation of marijuana, alcohol consumption habits, history of altercations with the law, and family structure all had negligible effects because the proportions only slightly deviated from the norm. It is only when the dynamic of religion is introduced that anomalies become apparent. As illustrated in Figure 6, there is little variance between the individual religions, with Islam being marginally more homophobic, but, when religion is removed, as in the case of our secular candidates, the proportions are reversed and approximately two-thirds (( 2)? (3 )) of the secular candidates were supportive. Additionally, it was observed that, whilst Muslim candidates had the highest correlation to homophobia within our sample, the candidates from the Islamic school, ASJA Girls’ College –who would have been exposed to the institution for at least five years, a substantial portion of their lives-, had the lowest correlation to homophobia; the difference being approximately 10%. This is pertinent because it is also indicative of secularisation by differentiation wherein the non-religious sphere of life, education is separated from religion (Jose Casanova, 1994). In both instances of secularisation, homophobia was reduced. Building on the investigation of the influence of religion, religiosity was then compared to opinion using three common measures of religiosity. Figure 7 shows the relationship between frequency of visitation of place of worship and non-support, Figure 8 shows the frequency of private worship against non-support and Figure 8 shows the frequency of private study of religious texts versus non-support. All graphs yielded a positive gradient, began well below the average and ended well above it. This indicates, that as religiosity increases, so too does homophobia. This contrasts our previous observation that there were no trends amongst the various religions but verifies the implication that secularisation decreases homophobia. Careful consideration of the qualitative data compounds these assertions because, not only is religion openly and usually used as justification of homophobia, the candidates who were most fervently religious and enmeshed with their congregation were often most blatantly homophobic. Additionally, if the view of the religious leaders is to be taken as the consensus of the congregation, it would appear that most justify discrimination. However, there were cases in which the fervently religious advocated positively for same-sex marriages. The phenomena observed can be explained using a functionalist perspective in which religion serves as a method of maintaining social order through increasing solidarity within a mostly heterosexual population by segregating the homosexual, thereby providing a common ‘enemy,’ and instilling a set of values and norms in society. Also, religion may be viewed as encouraging more â€Å"productive† marriages in which childbirth is possible, thereby helping to sustain the birth-rate, working to aid the system of the family. When candidates are separated from the functions of religion, they are more likely to maintain a different set or norms, wherein homosexuals are equal to heterosexuals. Contrastingly, a Conflict perspective may be used in hich religion serves to justify the construction of a class society in which the heterosexuals are the ‘bourgeoisie’ and the homosexuals are the ‘proletariat. ’ By masking the foundation of power and exploitation in divine ruling, the heterosexuals are allowed to legitimize their position of superiority. When this illusion is removed and class consciousness attained, as in the case of secular candidates and candidates with little religiosity, the bourgeoisie can no longer legitimize their position, and so homophobia is reduced. Alternatively, if one is to utilize Weber’s theory of Rational Choice, one might suggest, that, perhaps candidates decided to follow the homophobic direction of their religious leaders, rationalizing that earning the support of the entire congregation was worth discriminating against a minority. This theory also serves to explain why candidates supported same-sex marriage, because the prevailing justification was a rationalisation that their (homosexuals) private life did not affect me (the candidate) negatively and was therefore not a problem. This also explains the anomaly of the few candidates who were enmeshed in non-supportive congregations but still supported same-sex marriages. Continuing the interpretivistic trend, Mead’s theory of Symbolic Interactionism may be applied in which the ascribed meanings of symbols encourage homophobia. For example, candidates who studied their holy texts daily were most likely to be non-supportive. They may ascribe that the text determines their values and that the text does not support homosexuality, therefore, they, identified as a follower of the text, does not support homosexuality. Another example may be the use of song references in their justification, wherein, candidates interpret the music to disapprove of homophobia and therefore, as listeners, they should also disapprove. Lastly, the use of homophobic slurs such as ‘fag’ in the language of the non-supporters suggests that homosexuality is unwanted, and communicates this to others who may interpret it as such, and develop the same opinion. Discussion of Findings In, Invitation to the sociology of religion, Zuckerman presents a functionalist approach in which we see how religion may affect social hange. He demonstrates a correlation between a decline in the influence of religion and an increase in the acceptance of homosexual relations suggesting that religion does indeed influence homophobia as determined from my research. Furthermore, he considered another form of discrimination, that is, racism in which again, religion resulted in the segregation of a minority, but also, where religion provided a powerful community through which resistance could grow. The strength and influence of these churches echoes the observation that the more enmeshed our subjects were in their religious congregations, the more homophobic they tended to be. Building on the methods by which religion could affect social life, the article, â€Å"Gays bash government on same-sex marriage,† presents a scenario in which religion has clearly moulded the opinion of a prominent member of our government to the point that it over-rode proper conduct. This crass act seems less surprising when it is observed that some candidates also paraphrased or quoted biblical passages in lieu of an explanation. The research paper, †Religion and public opinion of same-sex marriage,† also adds validation to our research because their results were strikingly similar to our own. They discovered, as I did, that a persons’ religiosity and not their specific religion was the prominent factor in influencing their view of same-sex marriage. Additionally, the article entitled, â€Å"J-FLAG Issues Statement on International Day Against Homophobia,† also verifies this conclusion by using statistics which showed that 56% believed homosexuality and Christianity were incompatible and that 82% believed that it was immoral. This, second study was conducted in Jamacia and as such, it is also more relevant to our research based in Trinidad; it should come as no surprise that their sample yielded a homophobic rate only marginally lower than our own at 59% as opposed to 64%. Finally, in relation to our final aim, the research paper, †Religion and public opinion of same-sex marriage,† also proves handy because they validate that no other standard demographic holds significant influence on a candidate’s opinion of same-sex marriage besides religiosity. Considering these observations, my main finding appears to be that religion does, in fact, play a significant role in developing homophobia within the Lower Six population of San Fernando. Additionally, three main inferences can be made: Firstly, that religion may develop homophobia by presenting a community in which homophobia may be justified and advertised as the norm, through interaction with the institution of government, or through symbolic interaction wherein the religious texts are interpreted as encouraging homophobia. Secondly, that religiosity is a much more significant factor than religious affiliation in developing homophobia, with religious affiliation being almost powerless in our study. Thirdly, we may infer that, whilst exposure to the media did have some effect on the development of homophobia as reflected in our qualitative data, by and large, religion is the major influence with no significant alternative factors appearing in our study. ? Limitations Whilst conducting my study, certain limitations were confronted. Chief amongst these was the cost effectiveness of conducting such a relatively large-scale survey consisting of over two hundred subjects. Adding to this difficulty was the statistical analysis in which a spreadsheet was necessary. Additionally, in order to balance the ratio of male to female respondents, the strata of Naparima College was over-represented since that was the school in which the most co-operation was met. However, since Naparima College proved to be a typical institution, for the purposes of our study, I believe that the integrity of the data was no compromised. Difficulty was also met in collecting and analysing secondary data sources as inquisitions at our public libraries proved fruitless and many of the recent, relevant research papers published were either costly, or restricted to members of certain institutions. Lastly, there may have been some, inherent instrument bias in my analysis of the qualitative data. Recommendations On completion of my research, certain recommendations have become apparent. The first being that a complete separation of the church and state must be accomplished in order to provide the allocation of same-sex marriages, and the second being that the institution of religion should be removed from society as it, in its many forms may a dangerous tool for inspiring discrimination. Conclusion Although it has been a lengthy road, it was a straight one, and, in summation, we can determine that there is indeed a clear relationship between religion and homophobia in which religion inspires the other through various ways. Furthermore, a person’s religiosity was shown to be the determining factor in influencing homophobia with no other influence being significant. ?

Sivatherium Facts and Figures

Name:Â  Sivatherium (Greek for Shiva beast, after the Hindu deity); pronounced SEE-vah-THEE-ree-um Habitat:Â  Plains and woodlands of India and Africa Historical Epoch: Late Pliocene-Modern (5 million-10,000 years ago) Size and Weight: About 13 feet long and 1,000-2,000 pounds Diet: Grass Distinguishing Characteristics: Large size; moose-like build; quadrupedal posture; two sets of horns above eyes About Sivatherium Although it was directly ancestral to modern giraffes, the squat build and elaborate head display of Sivatherium made this megafauna mammal look more like a moose (if you inspect its preserved skulls closely, though, youll see the two small, distinctly giraffe-like ossicones perched on top of its eye sockets, under its more elaborate, moose-like horns). In fact, it took years after its discovery in Indias Himalayan mountain range for naturalists to identify Sivatherium as an ancestral giraffe; it was initially classified as a prehistoric elephant, and later as an antelope! The giveaway is this animals posture, clearly suited to nibbling on the high branches of trees, though its overall size was more in line with the closest living relative of the giraffe, the okapi. Like much of the mammalian megafauna of the Pleistocene epoch, the 13-foot-long, one-ton Sivatherium was hunted by the early human settlers of Africa and India, who must have greatly valued it for its meat and pelt; crude paintings of this prehistoric mammal have been found preserved on rocks in the Sahara Desert, which implies that it may also have been worshipped as a semi-deity. The last Sivatherium populations went extinct at the close of the last Ice Age, about 10,000 years ago, victims of human depredation as well as environmental change, as warming temperatures in the northern hemisphere restricted its territory and its available sources of forage.